منابع مشابه
Exposure to lead during critical windows of embryonic development: differential immunotoxic outcome based on stage of exposure and gender.
Previous rat studies with lead (Pb) have shown that exposure throughout the full gestational period results in persistent immunotoxicity detectable in both juvenile and adult offspring. Gender differences are also evident. However, little is known about the persistent immunotoxic effects of Pb when administered during specific stages of embryonic development. Adult Sprague-Dawley female rats we...
متن کاملIdentifying critical windows of exposure for children's health.
Several authors have considered the importance of exposure timing and how this affects the outcomes observed, but no one has systematically compiled preconceptional, prenatal, and postnatal developmental exposures and subsequent outcomes. Efforts were undertaken to examine the information available and to evaluate implications for risk assessment for several areas: a) respiratory and immune sys...
متن کاملMaternal Low-Level Lead Exposure and Fetal Growth
BACKGROUND Limited epidemiologic studies have examined the association between maternal low-level lead exposure [blood lead (PbB) < 10 µg/dL] and fetal growth. OBJECTIVE We examined whether maternal low-level lead exposure is associated with decreased fetal growth. METHODS We linked New York State Heavy Metals Registry records of women who had PbB measurements with birth certificates to ide...
متن کاملFetal Lead Exposure: Timing Is Everything for Effects
To p to b ot to m : S to ck by te ; D ig ita l V isi on Man’s Worst Friend? TCDD and Male Reproductive Effects Animal studies indicate that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds are reproductive and developmental toxicants, but effects of human exposures are unclear. Five months after the January 1999 accidental contamination of animal feed with polychlorinated biphen...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine
سال: 2010
ISSN: 1076-2752
DOI: 10.1097/jom.0b013e3181f86fee